Making Tables Responsive With Minimal CSS

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Here’s a fabulous CSS trick from Bradley Taunt in which he shows how to make tables work on mobile with just a little bit of extra code. He styles each table row into a card that looks something like this:

See the Pen
Responsive Tables #2.5: Flexbox by Bradley Taunt (@bradleytaunt)
on CodePen.

(Make sure to grab the Pen and make it a bit smaller to see how the design works responsively.)

Bradley’s example markup looks like this – clean, accessible, regular ol’ HTML:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Type of Food</th>
      <th>Calories</th>
      <th>Tasty Factor</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td><span>Type of Food</span> Slice of Pizza</td>
      <td><span>Calories</span> 450</td>
      <td><span>Tasty Factor</span> 95%</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

How does he make that card effect? He uses flexbox on smaller screens and sets the span elements to reveal themselves.

However! I’m not a big fan of those spans. They’re hidden on larger screen sizes but the markup is still there, so it doesn’t feel particularly clean to me. I was working on a project a little while ago where we stumbled on the same problem. We decided to use data attributes on each td instead, like this:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Type of Food</th>
      <th>Calories</th>
      <th>Tasty Factor</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td data-title="Type of Food">Slice of Pizza</td>
      <td data-title="Calories">450</td>
      <td data-title="Tasty Factor">95%</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Then we can grab that data attribute in our styles and render it on the page in a pseudo element:

td:before {
  content: attr(data-title);
}

From there we absolutely position the pseudo element to the side and only show it on smaller screens with a media query. I’m uncertain about the accessibility implications of this but it just feels a bit easier to read and understand in my opinion.

Either way, I think this post is a great reminder about all the tricky issues that pop up once you start using tables. There’s so many ways to handle things responsively and those decisions should entirely be made on the context of the design.

Responsive tables...

When you need to compare data up and down columns, it's probably best to largely leave the table structure alone and allow scrolling.

If each row can be broken apart and still be useful, collapsing them to avoid scrolling is nice.https://t.co/zeMFdrwU1Mpic.twitter.com/3z8hQDvNAZ

— CSS-Tricks (@css) October 11, 2019

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